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Nov  28, 2011 | Accountability  Customer Service  Budget  Local Government  | 1 Comment

Zero-Based Budgeting

Developing a Lean Budget in Tough Economic Times

Let's talk about budget creation, in times when every expenditure is scrutinized. 

Consider a different approach to budget development. One of the initial actions in developing a lean budget is to switch from incremental budgeting (where you only address variances greater than last year's figures) to a zero-based budget (where you justify each and every expenditure, and account for every dollar of revenue).

Zero-based budgeting forces department heads to analyze the allocation of their resources, and to identify each and every expenditure needed for operations. You'll be able to see the areas where your budget is inflated, offering immediate savings.   

With BudgetSense, you can easily create and build up zero-based budgets.  Simply create a new Budget Definition, and make it available to your department heads for input.

  • Require detailed notes on each and every expenditure.

  • Make sure that each position is filled.

  • Review all vacant positions to determine if they are approved and needed.

  • Review Budget v. Actual expenditures with department heads quarterly, to keep them motivated and on target.

It's not too late to start this practice now.  You will be able to see what your absolute revenues and expenditures are, and compare them to your voted-on budget to determine problem areas right away.  

Most importantly, don't forget to budget for your revenues to ensure budgets are in balance - a balanced budget is a happy budget!

 

Comments

A devil’s advocate take on zero based budgeting… It's an outdated concept, it consumes too much time on minutia, and it rewards eloquence over realities. ZBB focuses on the, comparatively, little things rather than the big picture. ZBB fosters inequities in the system when one administrator may be more effective in advocating for his or her program than another administrator. In its concept, it ignores budget limitations by suggesting documented needs will be funded. As an alternative, with the vast stores of data available today that were not available at the inception of ZBB, one might suggest comparative budgeting. Comparisons can be made within state, regionally, or nationally. What is the average annual per pupil expenditure for elementary school supplies and materials? Per high school athlete? For English 9 texts? What is the average expenditure for math teachers in communities with our same demographics? What is the average cost of transportation for school districts with eight schools, 2800 students, and 9600 square miles? What is the per pupil/teacher ratio in the districts in the top 10% of student outcomes? Using that data, where is our district? Should we be spending more in some areas and less in others? How do our students compare to others spending what we spend? Are differences due to the allocation of funds or the student demographics? How do our schools individually compare to a broader sampling and how do they compare to each other? Have inequities crept in? Finally, if we have more money to spend, where should we direct it? If we must cut, where will the cuts produce the least educational harm? Administrators are able to collaboratively create budgets with the expectation their schools will produce at least the same educational outcomes as other schools with the same demographics and equal resources. Comparative budgeting, with a large enough sample of district inputs, averages out the excesses and deficiencies of many districts and presents target resource allocation rates built on years and years of experiences of thousands of educators. Rather than the focus being managing money, the focus is where it should be – providing good education.
Dec  29, 2011 | Admin2

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